Industry Analysis


Harvard's Michael Porter has identified the five forces that can be used to perform industry analysis to determine the industry's current and long-term profitability: industry competitors, potential entrants, substitutes, buyers, and suppliers

The threats posed by these forces are as follows:

  1. Threat of intense segment rivalry: A segment is unattractive if it already contains numerous, strong, or aggressive competitors. 
  2. Threat of new entrants: The most attractive segment is that in which entry barriers are high and exit barriers are low. 
  3. Threat of substitute products: A segment is unattractive when there is high ease of substitution or when substitute products already exist in abundance. This leads to intense price battles. 
  4. Threat of buyers' growing bargaining power: A segment is unattractive if buyers possess strong or growing bargaining power. 
  5. Threat of suppliers' growing bargaining power: A segment is unattractive if the company's suppliers are able to raise prices or reduce the quality of supplies.

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